Official Full Name: Xinjiang Ganjiahu Haloxylon ammodendron National Nature Reserve
Standard Short Name: Ganjiahu Saxoul National Nature Reserve
甘家湖梭梭林全域景观
梭梭植株
保护区区位图
1. Basic Overview & Geographical Location
Located in the southwestern Junggar Basin and belonging to the Ebinur Lake Basin, the reserve stretches across Wusu City (Tacheng Prefecture) and Jinghe County (Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region国家林业和.... Its geographic coordinates are 83°18′–83°52′ E, 44°46′–44°58′ N.
Founded in September 1983 as a provincial-level protected area, it was upgraded to a national-level nature reserve approved by the State Council in 2001, categorized as a desert ecosystem protected area.
The total area covers 54,667 hectares, including 6,455 ha of core zone, 25,935 ha of buffer zone and 22,277 ha of experimental zone国家林业和.... Rivers originating from the northern Tianshan Mountains—Kuytun River, Sikeshu River and Guertu River—flow through the reserve and finally converge into Ebinur Lake, supplying groundwater and forming scattered wetlands within the desert landform国家林业和....
2. Climate & Landform Features
Situated deep in the Eurasian hinterland, the reserve features a temperate continental arid climate: cold winters, scorching summers, drastic temperature differences between day and night, scarce annual precipitation (average 140 mm) while evaporation capacity is over 14 times rainfall volume抖音百科. Windy weather prevails all year round.
Major landforms consist of piedmont gravel alluvial plain, central soil alluvial plain, aeolian dunes and modern fluvial landforms, forming a composite landscape of desert, gobi, marsh and seasonal small lakes in the depression terrain国家林业和....
3. Core Protected Objects
It is reputed as Asia’s largest intact natural Haloxylon persicum forest and China’s most well-preserved primitive wild haloxylon woodland, the core habitat for both Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum (saxoul trees) in Northwest China新疆维吾尔....
(1) Protected Plants
More than 270 wild plant species from 137 genera and 43 families are recorded here. Dominant vegetation includes haloxylon, populus euphratica and tamarix ramosissima. Valuable endemic medicinal plants such as Cistanche deserticola (desert ginseng), cynomorium songaricum, licorice and apocynum venetum are under strict state protection as well抖音百科. Haloxylon trees boast extremely deep root systems with powerful functions of wind breaking, sand fixation and soil consolidation, serving as the primary ecological barrier against desert expansion.
(2) Protected Wildlife
The reserve shelters abundant desert wild animals:
Class I National Protected Animals: Black stork, Asian houbara bustard
Class II National Protected Animals: goitered gazelle, red deer, Eurasian otter, whooper swan, grey crane, saker falcon, common kestrel, etc.
Totally 21 species of national key protected wild animals inhabit this desert forest ecosystem.
4. Ecological Value & Significance
Ecological Security Barrier: The continuous haloxylon forest restrains the eastward expansion of the Gurbantünggüt Desert, protects surrounding farmland and oasis ecological stability in northern Xinjiang, and maintains the hydrological balance of the Ebinur Lake watershed.
Desert Gene Bank: It preserves complete natural succession processes of temperate desert vegetation, offering critical research samples for arid zone ecology, desertification control and drought-resistant plant breeding.
Ecological Demonstration Base: Long-term ecological patrol, vegetation restoration and desert management practices here have become a model for arid land ecological governance, receiving high evaluation from national ecological assessment in 2025国家林业和....
Science Popularization & Field Research Site: Open for ecological monitoring, academic fieldwork and public environmental education in the experimental zone under standardized management.
5. Management Regulations
Wild digging of Cistanche deserticola, illegal felling of haloxylon trees, unauthorised entry into core protected zone and hunting wild protected animals are prohibited by national forestry and wildlife protection laws. Professional forest rangers implement daily patrol and dynamic monitoring across the whole protected area to safeguard the integrity of desert ecological communities.
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