Located in Qidaogou Village, Guosong Town, Tonghua County, there are three "Ten Thousand Men Pits": Caojiafen, Bafanggou, and Tie Daoxi, with the Tie Daoxi one being the largest.

In 1931, Qidaogou Iron Mine was occupied and operated by Japanese invaders. In September 1938, the East Manchuria Development Co., Ltd. was established, and the mine had a maximum workforce of over 17,000 workers.

The Japanese invaders treated workers brutally, enslaving them mercilessly, imposing strict political and ideological control, and cruelly exploiting them economically. Workers were forbidden from free movement or conversation, completely deprived of personal freedom.

Working conditions were extremely harsh. There were few supports in the mine tunnels, leading to frequent roof collapses and sidewall falls. Epidemics swept the mining area from 1939 to 1941.

Between 1939 and the liberation in 1945, more than 10,000 workers died from disease, hunger, accidents, and persecution.

In June 1964, a monument was erected at Tie Daoxi to commemorate the miners who died under Japanese and puppet rule. The monument is 3.65 meters high with a 2.8-square-meter base. The main inscription reads: Monument to the Miners Who Died Under Japanese and Puppet Rule at Qidaogou Iron Mine.

On the back is an inscription by Comrade Luo Heng: In memory of our class brothers who died in the struggle, never forget the sufferings of the old society, carry forward the revolutionary tradition of the working class, firmly advance along the path indicated by Chairman Mao, and carry the revolution through to the end.

In June 1976, the monument was designated as a Second-Class Cultural Relics Protection Unit of Tonghua County. Every Qingming Festival, the local government organizes students and Party members to pay their respects here.