Huoshaoshan is located 2 kilometres northeast of Laoheishan within Wudalianchi Scenic Area, Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province. Composed of red and black volcanic scoria and pumice, its crater resembles a broken pot scorched by raging flames, thus earning the name “Burnt Mountain”. Smaller in scale than Laoheishan, it has sparse vegetation and an altitude of 390 metres. The scenic area features a large cluster of volcanic hornitos — the world’s rarest relic volcanic landform, formed by layered accumulation of lava as gases rose during eruptions. Huoshaoshan also abounds in miniature volcanic landforms, namely pictographic stones with vivid lifelike shapes. A core component of Wudalianchi’s natural volcano museum, the mountain erupted between 1719 and 1721, boasting pristine and magnificent geological formations that make it a key site for geological fieldwork. Viewed from afar, the mountain appears split into east and west halves as if cleaved by a giant divine axe. Its slopes are blanketed in pumice, showcasing classic volcanic features, and it is hailed as “an unsubmersible volcano floating on the Pacific Ocean”.

The vast white stone sea resembles flocks of sheep or rolling waves from afar, and camels or elephants up close, stirring boundless imagination. A massive stone stele rises from the sea of stones, gazing into the distance like an elderly man, carved with four large Chinese characters “Northern Stone Sea” inscribed by the famous seal carver Xiong Boqi. This gave rise to the saying “Stone Forest in the South, Stone Sea in the North”. Sections of the ancient Great Wall of Qi wind across the ridges covered by the stone sea. Exiting the stone sea, visitors may walk along the circular lake road. Halfway through the green trees and blooming flowers stands the antique Aiwan Pavilion.

North of the Northern Drinking Spring lies a lake formed as volcanic magma dammed waterways. Stretching over 300 metres east to west and nearly one kilometre north to south, it has an average water depth of around 3 metres. Multiple carbon dioxide springs and underground rivers flow beneath the lake bed, with inflows from the Erlongyan mineral spring system, making this a rare flowing freshwater lake fed entirely by mineral springs. Its water drains into the Yaoquan River and flows southwest onto fertile volcanic soil, where the mineral spring rice cultivated here is an unparalleled pure green crop with high nutritional value, sold nationwide. The lake’s scenery is mesmerising: at dawn, rosy morning glow shimmers across the rippling water.

Also named Heilongshan (Black Dragon Mountain) and commonly called Immortal Mountain, Laoheishan erupted in 1720 and again in 1721. Historical records document six eruptions in total. It takes its name from its distinct black volcanic landform shaped like a black dragon, whose dark lustre remains visible beneath summer green vegetation and winter snow. Standing at an altitude of 515.9 metres with a relative height of 165.9 metres above ground level, it is the second-largest volcano in Wudalianchi. Boasting intact volcanic landforms and spectacular unique vistas, it is praised by geologists as an invaluable volcanic geological exhibition hall, consisting of attractions including the Stone Sea, Water Curtain Cave, Fairy Palace, Volcanic Forest and the volcanic crater. The crater measures 350 metres in diameter and reaches a depth of 145 metres.