Patent protection covers special ingredients, quality standards, processing techniques, dosages, formulations, and design, and is valid for 10 to 20 years. For example, Tasley's Fufang Danshen Diwan, which works to improve circulation and kill pain, has patent protection for its ratio of raw materials and special processing techniques.
II. The innovative-drug protection mechanism covers formulations and dosage forms for two to five years. The protection mechanism applies to TCM and Western medicines.
III. Protected TCM was introduced in 1992 to limit excessive competition. For each protected formulation and form of dosage, there can be no more than 10 manufacturers. Companies typically apply for Protected TCM status when their innovative-drug protection is about to expire. This protection is valid for seven to 30 years.
IV. Heritage secret recipe offers exclusive protection for trade secrets, formulations and processes. This mechanism lasts five to 20 years, but obtaining approval is very difficult. Fewer than 200 traditional drugs are protected under this category, and many of them - for example, Yunnan Baiyao, used to slow internal bleeding, and Pian Zai Huang, used to treat mouth ulcers and bee stings, were first introduced more than 100 years ago.
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