The Zhongshan Park, on the west side of Tian’anmen Square, is adjacent to the Golden Water Bridge, the Forbidden City and the Zhongnanhai. The 23.8-hectare altar garden was built in honor of Sun Yat-sen. In 1988 it became an Important Heritage Site under State Protection. In the Tang Dynasty an ancient temple used to be built here, and in the Yuan Dynasty Wanshou Xingguo Temple used to stand here, The Altar of Land and Grain symbolizes imperial power and the harvest of the country, where emperors performed the national soil and grain ceremonies. There are other sacrificial architectures like the Five-colored Soil Altar, the Sacred Kitchen, the Sacred Warehouse and the Sacrifice-Butchering Pavilion, etc.
The Zhongshan Park was formerly known as the Zhongyang (Central) Park, being the first public garden in Beijing. With convenient location and picturesque scenery, it was the most popular tourist attraction in Beijing and a meeting place of all ranks of society and communities. Even literary and cultural celebrities at the time like Li Dazhao, Ba Jin and Lu Xun gathered here to sip tea. In 1925, Dr. Sun Yat-sen passed away. The park kept his coffin before the burial and hosted a public memorial ceremony. To commemorate the founding father of the Republic of China, the park changed its name into Zhongshan Park. Later, a waterside pavilion, Pine and Cypress Pavilion, Aphorism Pavilion and Conservatory of Flowers were built, followed by Yu Garden and Laijin Rain Pavilion constructed after the founding of PRC.
Tulips in the Zhongshan Park were gifts from the Queen of the Netherlands at the time. After the tending generations of gardeners they still blossom unfailingly every year. It is best to appreciate tulips here from April to June, which makes the park an obligatory destination for flower enthusiasts during spring. On parkways, trails and tranquil gardens densely packed tulips blossom quietly. Its fragrance can be smelled a long way off.
Inside the park there are also orchids planted in the 1960s, the first group of plum blossoms in Beijing, as well as famous flower species like midget crabapples and peonies.
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